![]() The inhabitants of the Pacific Northwest held captives of war as slaves. They did not raise plants or vegetables for their own use, but their hunting-and-gathering economy worked well in the rich coastal environment and enabled them to enjoy a considerable amount of free time. Winter drove them into sheltered bays, where they rode out the cold weather. In the fall, they moved inland to the rivers and streams to harvest salmon. In the summer, they lived by the ocean and spent the bulk of their time fishing. The early peoples of the Pacific Northwest migrated with the seasons. Around 400 bce, improvements in hunting and fishing tools led to a large growth in population. By 1500 bce, they had developed a large coastal trade in obsidian, a volcanic glass used to make knife blades and other sharp tools, and other goods. The earliest known inhabitants of the Pacific Northwest appeared in the area around 8000 bce. Finally, there were the southern Alaskan tribes-the Tlingit (pronounced KLINGK-it), the Ank, the Chilkat, and the Sitka. The Chinooks lived farther north, near the mouth of the Columbia River. The Klamaths and Modocs lived along the present-day border between California and Oregon. The Interior Salish were Native North Americans of the Plateau. Among the Coastal Salish, who lived in northwestern Washington on the Puget Sound and in British Columbia, were the Chehalis (sha-HAY-lis), Nisqualli (nis-KWALL-ee), Cowlitz, Squamish, Comox, Tillamook, and Bella Coola tribes. The Salish were divided into two groups: the Coastal Salish and the Interior Salish. The Nootkas and Kwakiutls (pronounced kwah-kee-OO-tul) lived along the coast of present-day British Columbia and Washington. The area was home to many different cultures. The Pacific Northwest consists of the northeast corner of the United States including Oregon and Washington, the islands of southern Alaska, and parts of northern Idaho, northwestern Montana, and the coast of British Columbia, Canada. Native North Americans of the Pacific Northwest ![]()
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